Segregation Gender in School will not benefit anyone Free Essays

We as a whole miracle if isolating young men and young ladies are the correct activity. Studies show that young men learn at a more slow rate than young ladies and that it would be reasonable if the young men adapt independently and learn at a more slow pace. I deviate; I don’t accept that young men and young ladies should like isolate for different reasons. We will compose a custom article test on Isolation Gender in School won't advantage anybody or then again any comparable subject just for you Request Now Probably the most significant explanation that can cause hurt while isolating young men and young ladies is either contrarily impacting kids, learning encounters, or sexual orientation generalizations (â€Å"Segregate Boys Girls at School? â€Å"). A University Studies found that young ladies improve boy’s grades at school. By not having an isolation it permit young men and young ladies to have an increasingly viable learning experience and won’t cause generalizations among one another. Studies show that regardless of whether young men adapt more slow than young ladies, they begin to adapt similarly once they arrive at college level. We likewise need to consider, is it reasonable for the young ladies if the young men will be shown simpler in light of the fact that they are one year behind than young ladies. Is it genuine that young men will enhance their scholarly if there was an isolation, no, why? Since young men who have more classes with female companions show higher enrolment rates in both Advance math and science classes and advantages grades for the two sexual orientations. By having young ladies in indistinguishable classes from young men, they will assist them with their task and venture since young ladies tend to not be languid than young men and will in general completion on time not at all like young men. Young men tend to not think about school as much as young ladies and will in general have lower grades. On the off chance that young men are independent from young ladies, in all probability their evaluation would fall, in light of the fact that there would no inspiration for the young men. Additionally, if there is an isolation that happens, there would be a ton of rivalry between the young men and young ladies which can prompt extraordinary achievement yet in addition not all that good. What I mean it’s not very good; well consider it, if there is an opposition among young men and young ladies scholastic, would young men really try sincerely and win, no doubt no in light of the fact that like I said most young men don’t care about school, they slack on schoolwork and such so why buckle down now to win. I think it’s best for young men and young ladies to be in similar classes cooperating, and help each other out so each other don’t slack and be languid. Young men and young ladies would learn all the more successfully in light of the fact that there will be chances for them to get the thoughts of their colleague, which can assist them with gaining from others, other than the educator. It would be reasonable if young men and young ladies are shown equivalent and with a similar procedure since with regards to checking test and task, everybody is learning something very similar and a similar way so no deceiving will happen. At the point when young men and young ladies work in gatherings, they can help one another and have their own suppositions about the subject, along these lines it enables the understudy to gain from each other and have the option to function admirably later on throughout everyday life. At the point when they begin working, it would be simple for young ladies since they know how young men think and can ponder their sentiments and comprehend them well. Correspondence is a major factor in our general public, and for the most part when learnt at a more youthful age in school with the goal that young men and young ladies aren’t socially ungainly when they are more established and if not it can make a great deal of trouble address others. Young men and young ladies need to confront the diverse sexual orientation in their life for instance, dating and marriage, well obviously they face the other sex at home and after school, but since we invest such a great amount of energy at school; 6 hours, 5 times each week, it’s simpler and quicker for them to confront it during this timeframe. They will figure out how to have a superior correspondence expertise at work place and different spots including a great deal of conversing with other gender. To enhance their correspondence ability, they are placed in bunches with equivalent part young men and young ladies and once they are placed in those gatherings for task and such, they should figure out how to speak with one another to get a respectable imprint in that class. Additionally introduction, they should figure out how to introduce the two sides assessments to their schoolmates. It’s additionally reasonable for the young men and young ladies since it permits them to impart and see each other better than having to just tune in to just a single sex sentiment. Correspondence Therefore, I don't concur with isolating young men and young ladies due to those reasons I expressed previously. Like I said it would be increasingly powerful for the two sexual orientations on the off chance that they cooperate and get each other point of view and not simply a similar sex assessment. By having young ladies in indistinguishable classes from young men will inspire them to try sincerely and to dazzle them, since what would i be able to state, shrewd young men are alluring and when young men realize that they will in general work harder. Likewise better relational abilities with the two sexes on the grounds that they’re at school 5 times each week and 6 hours per day, so it’s best for them to learn correspondence during those timeframes. Essentially what I’m attempting to state is that, it’s not a good thought to isolate young men and young ladies, it’s the idea of learning and growing up. The most effective method to refer to Segregation Gender in School won't advantage anybody, Papers

911

911 It was a tuesday morning the date was 09-11-01 and their was around 40-50 understudies in the cafeteria and around 150 understudies on the field and a business plain flew over the school going quicker than the speed of sound.A sonic blast shook the school like a destroying hitting the school. All the understudies began going insane. After thirty minutes one of the instructors began out shouting I cannot accept that occurred. I cannot accept that occurred. Finally a kindred educator asked her what happened the educator said a business plain collided with Luke Air Force Base.The plain collided with the most significant piece of the base. The part that the chief and the entirety of the pilots were meeting and preparing. After lunch was over each one was stirred up and hysterical.Because something to that effect has never happened.Every one was back in class when the educator went to each class and educated everybody that another plain of a similar kind Crashed into the storehouse that k ept the entirety of the new bombs and guns.944th FW logo

The Brass Rat

The Brass Rat Last night, I attended the ceremonial unveiling of the design of the MIT Class of 2007 class ring. (Thanks to Mitra for the invitation!) Each class year at MIT officially gathers three times once, at the beginning, for the freshman picture; once, at the end, for graduation; and once, halfway through, for the unveiling of the class ring. The design process begins in freshman year with the highly competitive process of choosing the ring committee, or RingComm, of 12 class members. The RingComm next solicits bids for the very lucrative ring contract: 90% of all students will purchase the ring in a typical year; one company actually shuts down their factory for the one week each year of prime MIT ring-buying. RingComm designs the ring over a six-month period, unveils it, and stages an elaborate delivery ceremony. How did this all start? The history of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Class Ring dates back to the spring of 1929. C. Brigham Allen, President of the Class of 1929, appointed a ring committee consisting of members from the classes of 1930, 1931, and 1932. Their mission was to design a ring to be used as the Standard Technology Ring. The committees first decision was whether to use the beaver or the Great Dome on the ring bezel. After much debate, the committee decided to adorn the bezel of the ring with the beaver and have a three-piece construction, with MIT and the class year each appearing on a separate shank. Thus the Brass Rat was born as a tradition at MIT. And Wikipedia says, Despite the disdain that many MIT graduates profess for academic tradition, a very large number of them proudly wear an MIT class ring, which is large, heavy, distinctive, and easily recognized from a considerable distance. Originally created in 1929, the undergraduate ring design varies slightly from year to year to reflect the unique character of the MIT experience for that class but always features a three-piece design, with the MIT seal and the class year each appearing on a separate shank, flanking a massive bezel bearing an image of a beaver. Its official name is the Standard Technology Ring, but its colloquial name is far more well known: the Brass Rat. Yes, the ring is known as the Brass Rat. Why? Because it is made of gold and features a beaver on the front. Why a beaver? Another interesting story. In 1914, Lester Gardner of the MIT Club of New York proposed a mascot to President Richard Maclaurin. We first thought of the kangaroo, which, like Tech, goes forward by leaps and bounds. Then we considered the elephant. He is wise, patient, strong, hard working, and like all those who graduate from Tech, has a good tough hide. But neither of these were American animals. We turned to [William Temple] Hornadays book on the animals of North America and instantly chose the beaver. The beaver not only typifies the Tech [student], but his habits are peculiarly our own. The beaver is noted for his engineering, mechanical skills, and industry. His habits are nocturnal. He does his best work in the dark. Anyway, on to the pictures I saw and got to chat with many awesome 07s, like Andrea (whom I forgot to congratulate for being one of the IAP Origami Contest winners) and Sondy (to whom I promised worldwide fame via this blog picture) Kresge Auditorium was packed! Class President Ovid Amadi spoke first RingComm members Mitra and Raja unveil part of the ring design Afterwards, Mitra and I show off the Class of 2000 and Class of 2007 Brass Rats, respectively. Ill let Mitra show off all the cool features of the 07 Rat in a future entry. And when I get a chance (maybe when I next answer questions in a day or two?) Ill show you my brass rat =) Post Tagged #Brass Rat

The Brass Rat

The Brass Rat Last night, I attended the ceremonial unveiling of the design of the MIT Class of 2007 class ring. (Thanks to Mitra for the invitation!) Each class year at MIT officially gathers three times once, at the beginning, for the freshman picture; once, at the end, for graduation; and once, halfway through, for the unveiling of the class ring. The design process begins in freshman year with the highly competitive process of choosing the ring committee, or RingComm, of 12 class members. The RingComm next solicits bids for the very lucrative ring contract: 90% of all students will purchase the ring in a typical year; one company actually shuts down their factory for the one week each year of prime MIT ring-buying. RingComm designs the ring over a six-month period, unveils it, and stages an elaborate delivery ceremony. How did this all start? The history of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Class Ring dates back to the spring of 1929. C. Brigham Allen, President of the Class of 1929, appointed a ring committee consisting of members from the classes of 1930, 1931, and 1932. Their mission was to design a ring to be used as the Standard Technology Ring. The committees first decision was whether to use the beaver or the Great Dome on the ring bezel. After much debate, the committee decided to adorn the bezel of the ring with the beaver and have a three-piece construction, with MIT and the class year each appearing on a separate shank. Thus the Brass Rat was born as a tradition at MIT. And Wikipedia says, Despite the disdain that many MIT graduates profess for academic tradition, a very large number of them proudly wear an MIT class ring, which is large, heavy, distinctive, and easily recognized from a considerable distance. Originally created in 1929, the undergraduate ring design varies slightly from year to year to reflect the unique character of the MIT experience for that class but always features a three-piece design, with the MIT seal and the class year each appearing on a separate shank, flanking a massive bezel bearing an image of a beaver. Its official name is the Standard Technology Ring, but its colloquial name is far more well known: the Brass Rat. Yes, the ring is known as the Brass Rat. Why? Because it is made of gold and features a beaver on the front. Why a beaver? Another interesting story. In 1914, Lester Gardner of the MIT Club of New York proposed a mascot to President Richard Maclaurin. We first thought of the kangaroo, which, like Tech, goes forward by leaps and bounds. Then we considered the elephant. He is wise, patient, strong, hard working, and like all those who graduate from Tech, has a good tough hide. But neither of these were American animals. We turned to [William Temple] Hornadays book on the animals of North America and instantly chose the beaver. The beaver not only typifies the Tech [student], but his habits are peculiarly our own. The beaver is noted for his engineering, mechanical skills, and industry. His habits are nocturnal. He does his best work in the dark. Anyway, on to the pictures I saw and got to chat with many awesome 07s, like Andrea (whom I forgot to congratulate for being one of the IAP Origami Contest winners) and Sondy (to whom I promised worldwide fame via this blog picture) Kresge Auditorium was packed! Class President Ovid Amadi spoke first RingComm members Mitra and Raja unveil part of the ring design Afterwards, Mitra and I show off the Class of 2000 and Class of 2007 Brass Rats, respectively. Ill let Mitra show off all the cool features of the 07 Rat in a future entry. And when I get a chance (maybe when I next answer questions in a day or two?) Ill show you my brass rat =) Post Tagged #Brass Rat

Disadvantages Of Inequality In Education - 1937 Words

Separated by only two miles, two school systems that should be equivalent offer different educations to the rich and the poor. Students coming from rich backgrounds go to one school and the poor go to the other. The results from this system of inequality are no surprise. The wealthy district far outperforms the other less advantaged one. In both academics and extracurricular opportunities a clear divide exists between public schools that should offer equal educational opportunity (Goodspeed). While this may seem like only a hypothetical situation, it is not far from the truth. Across the United States public schools receive different funding depending on the wealth in the surrounding area. Property taxes account for 45% of all funding each†¦show more content†¦Like the federal funding, the state funding is generally evenly distributed amongst all educational facilities. The controversy comes from the final source of school revenue, property taxes. Accounting for the same per centage as state funding, property taxes make up an average of 45% of the annual budget (Fernandez). However, unlike the other two sources of income property taxes are not equal between all school systems. To better understand the source of the problem, it is important to take a closer look at how property taxes work and how they are distributed to schools. The amount of property taxes paid depends on the value of the house in question. Property tax is directly proportional to the value of the property, and this results in more income for schools surrounded by wealthier real estate (Pipho). This results in some schools receiving more or less money per pupil to spend each year. When schools are not given the same amount of money to work with as their counterparts, it is significantly harder to provide access to an equivalent education. School districts use the money generated by property taxes for a variety of essential school functions. Possibly the most damaging aspect of this come s in the form of teacher salary. Schools with more revenue from property taxes can afford to pay teachers higher salaries. These higher salaries in turn attract better qualified teachers who can facilitate student learning. This is the mostShow MoreRelatedThe Effect Of Educational Inequality1332 Words   |  6 PagesThe Effects of Educational Inequality Introduction Education is an institution that was originally put in place to allow individuals the equal opportunity to achieve their dreams. It was intended to provide the same level and quality of education regardless of the individual’s gender, race, or socioeconomic class. Over the years, it has changed into a system that provides some with opportunities while placing others at a disadvantage. Those that are given the advantages typically have high socioeconomicRead MoreRacism And Inequality : An Adult Homework Helper For The Sumner Library870 Words   |  4 Pagesthe literature we have read in this course has been centered around injustice and inequality in society. These ethical questions explored in our literature are inherently tied to public life in that they analyze how communities and societies should handle these injustices. Multiplication is for White People by Lisa Delpit and the episode of the podcast â€Å"This American Life: Three Miles† illustrate the systemic ine quality ingrained in the educational system of the United States, while Michael J. Sandel’sRead MoreAmerica s Classist Education System994 Words   |  4 Pages Dreier, P. (2014, July 25). America’s Classist Education System. Retrieved September 24, 2014. In this article the author explains how the schools are based on a class system and higher-class areas have better recourses and more classes offered. 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South Africa only takes over 4%of the lands area but is 3 times the size of Texas and 5 timesRead MoreWhether or Not Quotas for Job Applicant Selection Are a Solution to Racial Inequality in the United States1470 Words   |  6 Pagesjob applicant selection are a solution to racial inequality in the United States of America. In considering this subject I will rely on In Defense of Quotas by James Rachels who argues that the use of Quotas is justifiable in certain circumstances. First I will qualify my use of the word race and clarify what I mean when I reference racial equality. Then I will present an argument that quotas will not work as the sole solution to racial inequality. After this I will support a premise for my mainRead MoreThe Racism Of African Americans959 Words   |  4 PagesThe embedment of racism into American society has created severe disadvantages for African Americans. In addition to the negative effects of individual racism, systemic racism s crushing discrimination has devastated the African Americans in this country. Due to the horrors of systemic racism many African Americans find themselves at economic and social disadvantages. The education opportunities they encounter are far more limited than the ones White Americans do. As a result, African AmericansRead MoreThe Education System Of The United States Fair1591 Words   |  7 PagesIs the education system of the United States fair to everyone ? Although many find it fair, we are living in times when segregation is still part of one of the most important systems that supposed to treat everyone equal, and to provide t he same opportunities for academic success. However, there still a big gap, and children in low-income communities are suffering the consequences. I argue that segregation in the education system is harming the low-income communities and putting children that livesRead MoreDiscuss How Race and Ethnicity Perpetuate Inequality in Australia1192 Words   |  5 Pagesrace or ethnicity is not a factor. Bessant (2002) said racist attitudes are alive and well today. The concepts of ‘race and ‘ethnicity perpetuate inequality for people who are considered different from the dominant group. This essay will show how race and ethnicity are at a disadvantage to equally accessing resources in Australia, such as education, health, employment, housing and other life chances. The term ‘race is usually used to refer to specific groupings of people who share certain characteristicsRead MoreAssess the view that the main function of the education system is to reproduce and legitimise social inequalities930 Words   |  4 PagesThe education system has faults and many inequalities throughout it. The inequalities can be seen in many different areas including, meritocracy, different social classes, gender and ethnic inequalities, racism, cultural capital, and repressive state apparatuses etc. Various sociologists have different views about the education system and what the inequalities consist of. The neo-Marxist Althusser (1971) disagrees that the main function of the education is the transmission of common values. HeRead MoreThe Barriers Of Indigenous Australian Women Face Within The Criminal Justice System970 Words   |  4 Pagespopulation still experience inequality through the education and criminal justice system, specifically Indigenous women. This is highlighted throughout the report through various statistical data including tables and graphs. Further discussion on the link between these statistics to current unit concepts will be addressed in this report to expose the barriers that Indigenous Australian women face within the criminal justice system. 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What Is Professionalism - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 885 Downloads: 3 Date added: 2019/04/12 Category Career Essay Level High school Tags: Professionalism Essay Did you like this example? Professionalism is the way a person acts or conducts themselves in a place of structure, such as a workplace, school, or place of business. Professionalism is not subjected to a specific set of people but is a standard for everyone in an outfitted environment. Professionalism represented by any individual who shows consideration, and respect in the outfitted environment. Individuals should portray traits of professionalism, such as punctuality, trustworthiness, being competent, accountable, and having the ability to carry out tasks in the most respectful manner for anyone involved. Professionalism to me is how a person in a place of work, structure or place of business conducts themselves. When I think of a professional I think of a person who is the best at whatever job title or description that person carries. That person exemplifies their professionalism with a set of traits that make that person stand out amongst its peers. Examples of those traits are punctuality, trustworthiness, respect, accountability, competency, and self-awareness. I will further those examples below. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "What Is Professionalism" essay for you Create order Professionalism can be shown in multiple ways. A common trait of professionalism is punctuality. Punctuality is important because it shows that a person is dedicated to being in place and ready to be productive and on time. Punctuality is the ability to be able to complete a task or complete a responsibility at a set time. This, in turn, shows that the individual has respect for the job at hand and the time it takes to complete the job. Punctuality also shows that the person has made a task a priority, and has made the necessary sacrifices to be present and ready to carry out performance duties. Another form of professionalism is trustworthiness. Trustworthiness is the ability to be relied upon to carry out and perform a task. Being trustworthy shows the that the person is truth-telling and upfront. A trustworthy person is known to be a person that carries out a task without being told, supervised, or reminded. A person of trustworthiness also carries out and acts on responsibilities in an exceptional and satisfying manner to all persons involved. Respect for others is also a form of professionalism. Showing consideration, demonstrating loyalty, and exceeding expectations demonstrate professionalism. Having a persons respect goes a long way by acquiring high regards from a person and having someone believe that you are worthy of their praise. Respect in professionalism brings a comfort level between all involved and shows that all involved have created a great and functioning environment. Accountability when something is wrong, and the mindset to take it upon oneself to make the situation better is also a form of professionalism. Being accountable is a major trait of professionalism. Ones accountability is welcomed in professionalism for a workplace, school, and in life because it creates a sense of ease and helps promote a safety measure and a sense of security for everyone involved. Accountability comes as a link that increases commitment to who and what is represented in an enclosed environment. Competency is another trait of professionalism. Being competent is a way to show the necessary skills, knowledge, and abilities well enough to meet a standard. Showing competency acts as a way for one to show that the task at hand is not overwhelming and can be managed. Competency in professionalism shows a combination of education and experience for a standard or status being reached and carried out as rules and regulations show. Self-Awareness is the ability to recognize your emotions and know personal strengths and weaknesses. In order to become self-aware, one must understand emotions, thoughts, and feelings pertaining to and knowing one selfs limitations. In professionalism, self-awareness teaches and sets a foundation of personal growth, the ability to understand and recognize emotions, and knowing how to control them. In my experience of self-awareness in the workplace, knowing my true limitations, flaws and weaknesses have kept me from making a career plunge. I knew that myself make-up and knowledge of self-saved me from the embarrassment of not reaching a job title or description because I knew I wasnt qualified for the position or didnt have the proper tools to carry out the job description in a respectable way. In conclusion, self-awareness is a measure of emotional intelligence that helps you stop reacting to circumstances emotionally and lets you choose to react rationally and with logic. In conclusion, in order to succeed and move ahead in a place of structure, such as a workplace school, or place of business, professionalism is needed to be portrayed. Professionalism, in turn, means to conduct oneself with punctuality, trustworthiness, respectfulness, accountability and being competent, while being a person of high expectation and responsibility, and also being a person of excellence and great productivity. High quality work standards, behavior, and effectiveness are a part of professionalism and what is expected to come with it. Whether in the work industry, school, or place of structure professionalism will stick out. A professional individual will be visible from others due to the aforementioned qualities and how they carry and present themselves as opposed to their colleagues. A professional strives to be the best and demonstrates separating characteristics to be noticed by the others. Professionalism is maintained by reflecting a strong image, building strong relationships, having recognizable quality traits and overall being a standup and stand out person.

Social Media Can Help Create A Beloved Community - 1455 Words

Spreading positivity through social media can help create a ‘beloved community.’ People can communicate with others and form connections. Social media can build your self esteem and spread knowledge to everyone. Advice, tips, and vital information can be found on social media. We have to use these privileges in a civilized and kind way.Cyber bullying is common which is why we must spread positivity online. Statistics show that 42% of young people have been bullied online and one in four of them have suffered from it more than once. There are also 35% of kids who have been threatened that something bad will happen to them while online and 53% say that they have said hurtful things to other kids online. To change this, we can communicate†¦show more content†¦It seemed she was doing it for her own entertainment. A couple of months later, Emily went to a friend’s party. She was about to leave when she saw Sara, who she recognized from her profile picture. She obviously recognized Emily too, because she lunged at her. Emily was shocked at what happened next. Sara started wrestling with her, as she tried to keep her off of her and prevent the situation from escalating. For two minutes they were going around the room in circles, holding each other’s hair with death grips while Sara tried to kick and punch her. She was still pulling her hair, bending Emily at an angle toward her. Then, Emily felt a blunt force against her eye, and everything went white. Sara released her, and Emily leaned against the wall to catch her breath. When she regained her vision, she noticed blood on her hand. I lifted up my head and saw a blurry room full of people waiting to see more violence. Clearly, this was like a dramatic reality show to them. One person was even videotaping it. Feeling immense pain, I hurried to the bathroom to look in the mirror. There was a gash on the corner of my eye next to my nose, and the whole right side of my face was alread y starting to swell and bruise. I could hear Sara in the other room boasting about her vicious kick to my face. When she saw me, she pointed and laughed. Disgusted with everyone in that room, I left immediately. The next day, my mom decided it was

Legal Requirements for Construction Building- myassignmenthelp

Question: Write about theLegal Requirements for Construction Building. Answer: Introduction: This case is based on the construction of building in Canada. In every country, there are certain rules applicable for any kind of construction. In Canada, a building code regulates the provision regarding the making of building. It is known as the National Building Code of Canada (Adams Atkinson, 2003). In Canada, the provincial authorities are also imposed with certain rights to enact their own law. The Consolidated Building Bylaw 2003 governs the construction rule in Abbotsford, Canada (Elias, Busby Martens, 2015). There are certain provisions engraved under the Bylaw that prescribe reasonable ground that are required for making new building in that area. Even in the case of buying landed property in that area, there are certain things need to be performed. Discussion: Construction law: It is important to abide by the guidelines that are mentioned specifically in the Building law of Canada (Jennings, 2013). Besides the National Building Code, some bylaws are applicable on provincial basis. In case of Abbotsford, one of such bylaws is enacted in the year 2003. The reason behind making this rule is to provide certain protection to the building owners and issue permit that are accurate in nature. Legal requirements for building: In this case, there has been a question arises regarding the construction of building in Abbotsford, Canada. The work regarding the building construction has been made by following certain rules and it is required to meet certain basic obligation to legalize the process. The reason for following the rules is generally for the interest of justice. Illegal construction can become a potential threat to the society as a whole (Ngai, 2014). The word legal requirements stand for the things that are mandatory to be checked during the construction process. In Canada, National Building Code has prescribed certain rules regarding the new buildings. These rules can be categorized as follows: The standard ceiling height of the apartment is 65 and that rule should be maintained in all cases. The minimum thickness of the inner door is 1.75 and in case of exterior door, that thickness must be 32*78. A gap should be maintained in case of passing air from the door. There must be a fan or window in the bathroom section. Building permit is essential in case of a new building. The property owner should be held responsible in case of any kind of smokes. Therefore, there is a need to install smoking alarm in the respective building. In Abbotsford, the building areas are divided into three parts that are the zoning area, the fire service and the energy efficiency sector. Zoning are the rules regarding the local area that prescribed rules regarding the construction and maintenance of residential building (Wong Hallsworth, 2016). It is required to meet all the necessary provisions mentioned under the zoning rules. There are certain legal provisions mentioned regarding the fire services that are mandatory in nature. There should be certain resistance rate regarding the fire extinguisher applied in respect of the ceiling, wall and the existing passage. The smoking alarm must be in active mode. According to the bylaws of Abbotsford, there should be an installation regarding the carbon monoxide alarms (Bart et al., 2014). It is the duty of the municipalities of Canada to implement certain policies so that the zoning laws are to be maintained by all the individuals (McCormick, Cohen Plecas, 2016). Building permit: It is necessary in case of constructing a new dwelling unit in Canada. Building Permits are distributed in zone wise (Blec Buckley, 2014). Under the building law, it has been specifically mentioned that the permit regarding the building should be obtained before the projected work become started. Certain information are required in case of obtaining permit. In the present case, building is proposed to be made in the area of Abbotsford, Canada. Therefore, the permit shall be obtained from that provision. Restrictive provisions are made regarding application for the permit by online. An authorisations form is to be filled up at first. A certain amount is to be paid for that. All the information provided by the applicant are required to be reviewed by the coordinators. The building plan should be prepared as per the provision of British-Colombia Building Code. There are certain problems that should be avoided in case of making a new construction. It is the duty of the owner to keep healthy atmosphere. The belongings of the apartment should be cleaned and there should be necessary steps taken for that purpose. Reasonable care is needed for keeping the safe sanitization process. Permits are essential in nature. Permit ensures the renovation process regarding the proposed building and it provides certain guidelines regarding the bylaws and building code. There are certain staffs who are appointed for delivering assistance relating to the building matter. If anyone gets permit from the concerned authority, he obtains the right to receive help from those staffs. Land documentation: Buying a land is important in nature. In order to secure the property from any future encumbrances, it is required to follow certain rules regarding the same. The first thing is to determine the location and the kind of the property (McLeod et al., 2015). A person should be acquainted with the rules regarding the buying or selling procedures of a property. In Abbotsford, there are certain multiple listing services. Various requirements are mentioned in these services. It is a sort of database where the queries regarding a land has been made out in a systematic way. It is to be mentioned that while seeing the property, any statement made by the buyer can be passed to the seller and certain consciousness should be maintained regarding the statement as that could affected the buying procedure. The realtors are imposed with the duty to show the suitable land to the customers and they can propose some suitable offer. The offers can be of verbal or written in nature. There can be certain c ounter offer in that respect. However, choosing those offers is very discretionary in nature and it is the right of the buyer to accept the same or not. Be diligent before becoming a litigant: Purchasing a property is a kind of investment that can secure the future of a person. Therefore, certain awareness should be maintained regarding the purchasing procedure. There is a proverb addressed to the buyer that necessary requirements should be met before buying any estate. It should be taken into consideration whether the landed property is free from any encumbrances or not. It is the utmost duty of the buyer to check all possible outcomes regarding the land. In Canada, property can be sold out in respect of two circumstances i.e. the residents of Canada and the non-residents of Canada. Non-residents in Canada can purchase property in certain provinces like the British Columbia, Newfoundland and Quebec. In this case, the place is situated at Abbotsford that is a province of British Columbia. Things that are important regarding buying a property are income verification, receipts of tax returns, appraisal regarding the real estate. There are certain taxes that are imposed on the properties in Canada (Yinger, Bloom Boersch-Supan, 2016). Taxes are to be paid regularly. Some of the common taxes are property tax, property transfer tax and goods and services tax. Property tax is counted as per the schedule of property. Property transfer tax are imposed as per the market value of the property. The basic rule is that 1% will be cut from the valuation up to $200,000 and for prices exceed the amount, the rate will be 2%. In case of goods and services tax, the rate of taxation is 5% for the land and extra 2% if there is any home constructed upon the land. It is to be seen whether goods and services tax are applicable on the property or not as there are certain specified criteria mentioned under the law. Conclusion: Therefore, from the discussion, it can be concluded that building can be constructed as per the provision of the National Building Code and Consolidating Building Bylaw 2003 of Abbotsford, Canada. There are certain provisions regarding the legal requirements and provision regarding the building permit has mentioned in this report. Legal documentations regarding purchasing the landed properties are mentioned here. Registration procedure for the scheduled property must be adhered with the rules and regulations. Reference: Adams, J., Atkinson, G. (2003). Development of seismic hazard maps for the proposed 2005 edition of the National Building Code of Canada.Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering,30(2), 255-271. Elias, B., Busby, K., Martens, P. (2015). One little, too little: Counting Canada's indigenous people for improved health reporting.Social Science Medicine,138, 179-186. Jennings, M. M. (2013).Real estate law. Cengage Learning. Ngai, M. M. (2014).Impossible subjects: Illegal aliens and the making of modern America. Princeton University Press. Wong, A., Hallsworth, A. G. (2016). Local food security initiatives: a case study of Vancouver, Canada.Future of food: journal on food, agriculture and society,4(1). Bart, M., Williams, D. E., Ainslie, B., McKendry, I., Salmond, J., Grange, S. K., ... Henshaw, G. S. (2014). High density ozone monitoring using gas sensitive semi-conductor sensors in the Lower Fraser Valley, British Columbia.Environmental science technology,48(7), 3970-3977. McCormick, A. V., Cohen, I. M., Plecas, D. (2016). 1 Intimate partner violence in Canada.Domestic Violence in International Context,27, 20. Blec, J. P., Buckley, P. H. (2014). Democracy and the space of energy flows: The practice of bordered transnationalism in the Pacific Northwest.Journal of Borderlands Studies,29(3), 291-301. McLeod, F., Viswanathan, L., Whitelaw, G. S., Macbeth, J., King, C., McCarthy, D. D., Alexiuk, E. (2015). Finding common ground: A critical review of land use and resource management policies in Ontario, Canada and their intersection with First Nations.International Indigenous Policy Journal,6(1). Yinger, J., Bloom, H. S., Boersch-Supan, A. (2016).Property taxes and house values: The theory and estimation of intrajurisdictional property tax capitalization. Elsevier.

Why soccer is not famous in United States Essay Example Essay Example

Why soccer is not famous in United States Essay Example Paper Why soccer is not famous in United States Essay Introduction Many people around the world refer football as the official name for soccer and therefore according to them the two names are simply Synonymous. However in America, football is very different from soccer. Football is used in western countries to mean American football (Colin 46). The major difference between American football and soccer arise from the rules and technicalities of the two (Morrow 23). In soccer, the only person who can touch the ball using hands is the goal keeper; the rest can only use the legs and the rest of the body to handle the ball. The ball is kicked by the players all round the field aiming to score at the opponent goal. On the other hand, in Football the ball is carried by hand or thrown by hand only and only person allowed to kick the goal is the kicker and the punter. The team aims at a touch line or turning the ball to the other team (24).Nevertheless, the two sports have similarities in that they are played very hard and rough. Both sports are in most cas es thought to be brutal and masculine hence attracting very few women to like the game. Football players wear full helmet and pads for protection while their soccer counterparts wear pads and other protective materials. The fans for both sports are similar in their love for the sport, they separate according to the team they are passionately cheering for, while hating the opponent team (Frankline 134).The popularity of American football as compared to soccer is one of the major reason as to why soccer is not is famous in United States. According to McGill, The origin of what is now known as modern American football can be traced from the early versions of rugby football at around 1869 (58). Both rugby and American football stems in the varieties of football that was being played in Europe in the middle of 19th century. Soccer or the real football as many would like to refer to it, have its root in the Boston game way back in 1873 at Harvard from the Boston game at Harvard University in 1873. Although American football has its roots in United Kingdom, it was adopted in United States more than where it came from (114).Sports culture in United States is another reason why soccer is not famous in United States. Rogers notes that, despite the fact that sports are an important part of the American culture; their sporting culture is very different from other countries (56). They have unique set of favorite sports while discriminating the rest (57). Among the most preferred sports in United States are basketball, American football, baseball, rugby and ice hockey. The fact that these sports are rarely available elsewhere in the world seems to make United States like their sport culture even more (82).Roger observes that Soccer in United States attracts very minimal media exposure as compared to other games in United States (13). In addition most investors are attracted to other sports rather than soccer, leaving the soccer industries without enough finances to attract massive competition and the media. Other major leagues of the other most preferred sports attract enormous media coverage and also prominent competition leaving a major financial base and huge domestic market behind them (29).Lack of developed systems for soccer in United States is among the major contributor of reduced popularity of United States soccer. Soccer associations in United States are far much behind as compared to the United Kingdom. System of promotion and relegation of soccer clubs does not exist in United States like in Europe. Moreover major sports leagues exist as system of exist as associations of franchise making it Very hard to development soccer (Frankline 48).According to Morrow, the extent to which various sports are associated with tertiary and secondary education is unique in United States (77). Basketball and American football are the most favorite game in learning institutions. It is no wonder that they are also among the favorites nationally (80). Looking at football in high school and tertiary institutions, it is regarded as the game for the affluent and there fore given stereotypes names. The younger generation develops their dislike for soccer right from these institutions translating the same to the older generation (82).Americans prefers electrifying and adrenaline raising sports activities which soccer may not provide. Life is on the first lane in United States, and therefore increased stress and anxiety disorder is the order of the day (Franklin 50). An exciting and electrifying game is essential for the fans to release stress. Soccer is not regarded as one of the electrifying sports and therefore not one of the American favorites. Most of the soccer games take time before any team scores a goal and this leads to the fans being too eager for the team they are supporting to score. If the team they are not supporting score a goal this may lead to some fighting with people who are supporting the other team. Anyone, who maybe suf fering from attention disorder cannot make it to watch soccer since waiting the teams to make a score demands patience from the funs (Franklin 69). Other sports which dominate in popularity are considered exciting for both players and funs. Competitions from other sports like basketball, baseball and hockey have also led to soccer having fewer fans. There are other entertainment which keeps most of the youth busy in USA hence they do not pay much attention to soccer and its importance to them (Franklin 82).Majority of people who plays soccer outside USA have made it their career and they earn lucrative amounts. In united states, soccer have not grown to that level and even most people who play it, do it not for dollars but not for fun. This has impacted in reduced morale and motivation to advance soccer to greater heights since players are expected to juggle sports with other careers in order to earn a living. When Soccer was introduced in USA, it was viewed as a sport for working c lass. It was until recently that the mentality has changed. It is now viewed as a sport for all people including suburban, middle and upper middle class people (Morrow 90).The quality of soccer in united states is still very low as compared to other sports in united states .although the quality have improved over the years comparing it from earlier days when soccer was introduced, soccer in Europe is far much advanced.The footholds of soccer in United States is however beginning to show up especially in town areas where there are working-class. This can be explained by the high percentage of people who are immigrants from soccer dominated countries (Morrow 92).A bad example set by the regions where soccer is highly valued may have led in one way or another to reduced popularity of soccer in United States. Violence based on racial differences amongst the funs and players is not a thing the peaceful Americans may want to be associated with.Reasons as to why soccer is not popular in we stern world ranges from demographic, economical and social aspect to the culture of the American people (Colin 235). One of the factors of course is the marketability of soccer in United States which according to Colin, is always faced with its own fare share of hurdles (235). Another factor is the issue of gender and the people s perception on the major league soccer and the masculinity of the game. Majority of women in the United States for example have negative attitude in their mind that, it is only men who can participate in major league soccer. They strongly believe that football is for men a notion that Colin consider to be misplaced since football is a good sport for women as well (238).The masculinity mentality has been entrenched even to the women soccer funs leading to shortage in female soccer funs who are regarded as pace setters when it comes to cheering a team. In addition, soccer is still considered as an alien to some people in United States. Mostly of the Kids in U nited States are socialized to view soccer as a sport for foreigners the same way marathon and long distance athletics is viewed. Most people who did not grow up with soccer see it as a boring sport and find it hard to be fans of soccer. Constrain of conservatism as Franklin says, can also be a factor leading to anti-soccer entrance. Majority of people in US have this assumption that soccer will never be popular (95).Nevertheless, soccer in United States is now gaining grounds in most of the states. It is one of the most favorites among the large European and Latino immigrant population like in Chicago, Los Angeles, New York, and Texas (McGill 74). The dramatic growth in participation of youth has have over the year accelerated the national steady growth in their style of playing since 1990. At the moment almost as many girls as boys play soccer in United States and that has contributed to the women national team growth as well (76). Although the major leagues have not attracted ade quate attention as the major leagues outside United States, they have shown an upward progress in popularity (77).Over the years, the soccer federations have continued to grow and expand from a single team membership to many teams and they have also advanced beyond being just a soccer championship. Roger observes that, Soccer have grown not only to be one of the popular televised events in United States but also a major source of advertising source of revenue for the television network (123). He concludes that, although soccer still have a long way to go considering the minimal media coverage, it is beginning to attract recommendable media coverage as the number of advertisers wishing to debut elaborate and expensive commercial continue to increase day by day (125).The soccer governing body is the heart of soccer in any country, it operate league systems and normally categorizes teams in various divisions. They come out with a clear schedule on how each team will play each other in the league at home and away. At the end of the season, the officials of the soccer governing council come together to determine the winner of league and the best payers for the season. The council is mandated to reward the best performer and share the salaries between clubs. The governing bodies also help to stop the rich team from stockpiling the top players (Colin 15). Why soccer is not famous in United States Essay Thank you for reading this Sample!

Olivia asks Viola Essays

Olivia asks Viola Essays Olivia asks Viola Paper Olivia asks Viola Paper Essay Topic: Twelfth Night Twelfth Night (1601) exposes Shakespeares satirical attitude toward the societal norms of the Elizabethan era. The Carnivalesque title brings about notions of both the inversion of stereotypical roles as well as the excess of the Christmas period. Feste upholds the carnival spirit while Malvolio is diametrically opposed, historically at this point there was a shift from the feudal household which is more like Olivias with the likes of Sir Andrew and Sir Toby to the commercialised private world, much more like count Orsinos. Throughout the play a contrast is maintained between the taut, restless, elegant court where people speak a nervous verse and the free-wheeling household of Olivia, where accept for the intense moments in Olivias amorous interviews with Cesario, people live in easy going prose [1] However the festive spirit is destructed by the excess of Malvolios punishment giving an anti-carnivalesque ending, re-establishing the importance of the social hierarchy. Appearance and reality proves problematic for an ontological reading, a natural perspective that is and is not nothing that is is so [2] Feste questions the notion of reality and appearance as he is the only character to see through the others masks, while Viola is the only character true to herself, and aware of her own disguise even telling Olivia that her appearance is not reality I am not that I play 112, 176, which brings forth a metatheatrical element. The honourable lady of the house, which is she? [3] enquires Viola as Cesario, not wanting to cast away her speech [4] that was excellently well penned[5] on someone of no significance. In doing so she draws attention to the fallacy of her conventional compliments in addition offending Olivia by not recognising her, or pretending not to recognise her, who in turn refuses to confirm that she is the lady, furthermore proceeding to complain about Cesario, being saucy at my gate. [6] What is yours to bestow is not yours to reserve states Viola as the lady did indeed usurp herself, and now revealed, should not be allowed to keep the gift of herself to herself, she should distribute her affections to Orsino and requite his love. Olivias refusal to listen to the praise Viola recites discloses her disinterest and insistence on hurrying up the youth. Come to what is important int. I forgive you the praise. [7] Presently Viola disguised as Cesario and Olivia disguised by her veil both have preconceptions about the others behaviour however Violas persistence in identifying the Lady through disguise, warrants Olivias interest as Viola asks Good madam, let me see your face. [8] Olivia reveals herself literally, breaking an oath she claimed she never would, we will draw the curtain and show you the picture [9] Shakespeare often uses wit to imply a potential relationship, as Olivia sharply replies Tis in grain sir, twill endure wind and weather[10] this leads to the mockery of reducing Olivias beauty to an itemised list item, two lips indifferent red one chin [11] the witty exchange develops Olivias feelings of indifference, to interest and finally to love. Moreover the willow cabin speech, willow being symbolic for forsaken love gives Olivia the wrong impression as Viola speaks of how she would love Olivia if she were the Duke, of course revealing her true feelings for Orisno, also seen in Act two Scene four never told her love, but let concealment, like a worm ithe bud, feed on her damask. [12] Metatheatre reliant on the performative element often offers an onstage microcosm of the theatrical situation, and such techniques as the use of parody. When Olivia asks Viola are you a comedian? [13] an actor? Shakespeare relies on audience complicity for Viola indeed is both an actor in a comedy as well as a character acting another. Also contributing to the deception or imaginary deception of the audience is that in Elizabethan times, women were not allowed to be on the stage so the female characters would be played by men pretending to be women. In a play like Twelfth Night where disguise is integral to the plot, this could become very confusing. For example, Viola would be played by a man pretending to be a woman pretending to be a man. Deception and Delusion are heavily played upon throughout however it is predominantly self deception, as Orsino proclaimsthy mind is a very opal[14] a material which changes when light strikes it, he also admits his own fickle disposition if music be the fruit of love play on Enough in two lines his mood dramatically alters, paralleling his love more in love with love than with his mistress [15] Viola, un-deluded of her true self is incapable of remaining impartial in this scene and becomes insolent in her approach, coming out of character, and through blind jealousy of the Dukes passion for Olivia, remarks to Olivia when asking for approval of her beauty, Excellently done, if God did all[16] implying she may only be beautiful with make-up, furthermore accuses her of being proud, I see what you are, you are too proud[17]. For a servant this is outrageous, after all she is accusing a Lady of pride-one of the seven deadly sins. Olivia however does not reproach Cesario, simply stating, you are now out of your text. [18] She too begins to come out of character and reveal her true self, at first she is very cynical and dismissive of the messengers speech, remarking quite coldly when Viola refers to the Dukes love lying in his bosom, O. I have read it: it is heresy. [19] Further on in the conversation however she reveals a more honest insight into her feelings for the Duke.

Women Studies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Women Studies - Essay Example The author would like the reader to walk away from reading this book with an understanding of feminism, that is not just local or national but international as well. She takes "the perspective that cultural diversity must be respected but that it must not be used to excuse the maltreatment of women" (p.5). She wants the reader to understand that although what a woman in one culture might take for granted as a right might be something a woman in another culture is still fighting for but it does not make it any less of an issue under feminism. Burn wants to "give you some overall sense of the varieties of issues affecting women and the variety of their response, and how both these are affected by culture and women's roles as reproducers" (p.5). 1. The study of lesbianism is important to the topic of women across cultures because almost every country in the world has a lesbian sub-culture living somewhere in it, whether they want to admit it or not. The consequences of proclaiming yourself to be lesbian can be emotionally trying especially in societies that have very strict social roles that are to be maintained. Numerous countries deny having any problems with lesbianism because they have laws that outlaw it so it cannot possible exist.

Global strategic Planning Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Global strategic Planning - Assignment Example This research will begin with the statement that Zipcar was founded in the year 2000 and has been able to become one of the major players in the automobile rental segment in the United States market.  This essay discusses that the company offers membership-based car rental services to the consumer market segment and has its headquarters in Boston. The members can hire a car and pay the bill either day basis or hourly basis. The researcher states that the company was founded was Robin Chase and Antje Danielson, and has now grown as a major player and also operates in international markets of Spain, Canada, Austria, and the UK. The company provides rental services to about 1million customers and the members can even book the car for a day or even for a year. The company even has expanded its member base mainly because of the reference and positive word of mouth that is given by the members. The company operates in markets of US, UK, Canada, Austria, and Spain. However with the increa sed pace of competition in the market the markets where the company operates has become highly saturated with a large number of competitors.   The expansion into other markets is a very strategic decision that is taken into account by a company when it faces some problems in the current market or when it identifies some great opportunities that are prevailing in other markets that could be beneficial for the company.

Pakistan Monetary policy effectiveness in controlling inflation

Pakistan Monetary policy effectiveness in controlling inflation Inflation adversely affects the overall growth, the financial sector development and the vulnerable poor segment of the population. There is clear consensus that even moderate levels of inflation damage real growth Inflation decreases the real income and also induces uncertainty. Considering such adverse impacts of inflation on the economy, there is a consensus among the worlds leading central banks that the price stability is the prime objective of monetary policy and the central banks are committed to the low inflation. Hence the central banks have adopted inflation as the main focus of monetary policy, targeting inflation explicitly or implicitly as and when required. Motive The objective of the thesis is to investigate the linkage between the excess money supply growth and inflation in Pakistan and to test the validity of the monetarist stance that inflation is a monetary phenomenon. The thesis will examine that whether the monetary policy adopted has been effective to control the rate of inflation. In my thesis I would like to analyze the money supply and inflation rates in Pakistan in order to prove the hypothesis. Hypothesis Hypothesis 1 Null Hypothesis: Monetary policy is effective in controlling inflation in Pakistan. Alternative Hypothesis: Monetary policy is not effective in controlling inflation in Pakistan. Hypothesis 2 Null Hypothesis: Inflation is a monetary phenomenon. Alternate Hypothesis: Inflation is not a monetary phenomenon. Introduction This paper examines the role played by the monetary policy in controlling prices. Whether the policy makers have been successful in predicting the behavior of prices effectively or not. For this purpose the model is considered having monetary variables like monetary assets and monetary expansion and inflation as a dependent variable. The model is estimated for the period of 1950-2005. It tries to measure the effective of monetary policy during different regimes. The results indicate that correlation between monetary assets and inflation is not that strong for Pakistan which means that the monetary policy has not been that effective in predicting the price movements in Pakistan. There is a strong need for adjustments by the policy makers. Another result that I got from the study is that monetary expansion and inflation are related significantly and they tend to determine the direction of one another at times but inflation is also related to other factors. These days economies of all countries whether underdeveloped, developing as well developed suffers from inflation. Inflation or persistent rising prices are major problem today in world. Because of many reasons, first, the rate of inflation these years are much high than experienced earlier periods. Second, Inflation in these years coexists with high rate of unemployment, which is a new phenomenon and made it difficult to control inflation. Economic policies tend to increase the general public welfare and monetary policy supports this broad objective by focusing its efforts to promote price stability. The objective of monetary policy in Pakistan, as laid down in the SBP Act of 1956, is to achieve the targets of inflation and growth set annually by the Government. In recent years money supply increased rapidly and some researchers thought this increase in money supply was going to translate quickly into inflation. But inflation did not grow much and empirical evidence shows that shocks to the petrol and meat supply mainly affected inflation. In the long-run the relationship between money supply and price is very strong and their correlation is almost one. Lucas (1995) emphasized the long-term relationship between money and prices in his Nobel Prize lecture by mentioning McCandless and Weber (1995). For the short-term relationship, empirical evidence of relationship between money growth and inflation is weak and unclear. A variety of studies on money demand yield very dissimilar results. As result, it is difficult to establish a straight relationship between these two variables in the short-term. This paper tries to measure the relationship between money growth and inflation for Pakistan. The paper consists of following sections: Introduction, The need to control inflation and the monetary policy in Pakistan, Literature Review, Empirical results, conclusion and recommendations. The need to control inflation Price stability is key to long run growth prospects. Effective management and prediction inflation expectations is required to ensure that the prices are stable. With stable prices, economic decisions can be made with less uncertainty and therefore markets can function without concern about unpredictable fluctuations in the purchasing power of money. On the other hand, high and unanticipated inflation lowers the quality of the signals coming from the price system as producers and consumers find it difficult to distinguish price changes arising from changes in the supply and demand for products from changes arising from the high level of general inflation. High inflation lowers the effectiveness of the market system. High and unanticipated inflation makes it impossible to plan for relatively longer outlook, creating incentives for households and firms to shorten their decision horizons and to spend resources in managing inflation risks rather than focusing on the most productive activities. The competing goals of growth and price stability, which may seem to be at odds with each other, in fact boils down to a single objective i.e. price stability. In this backdrop, there is no surprise that most of the central banks aim at maintaining low and stable inflation. Central banks place more weight and demonstrate increased willingness on controlling inflation relative to output growth, and financial and exchange rate stability. Effectiveness of monetary policy in Pakistan Generally, historical evidence does reflect that Pakistan has been a high inflation and high interest economy given its inherent structural weaknesses. The role and effectiveness of monetary policy appears more visible in the 2000s when financial sector reforms started bearing fruits in terms of a more market based money and foreign exchange markets. Entering the 21st century, the loose monetary policy stance in the face of low inflation, low growth and low twin deficits, along with structural measures to open up the economy and alleviate some first round constraints, triggered the economy on a long term growth trajectory of above 7 percent. Monetary policy stance was however altered as the inflationary pressures started to build up in 2005. At the end of the fiscal year, the economy, which had been showing sustained steady growth since FY01, registered a historically high level of growth (9 percent), average inflation rose sharply (9.3 percent) and the external current account balance turned into deficit (-1.4 percent of GDP). Coinciding with these developments, the fiscal module started to show signs of stress as the fiscal balance was converted into a deficit and the stock of external debt and liabilities, which had been declining since FY00 after the Paris Club rescheduling, began increasing. These indicators largely capture the high and growing aggregate demand in the economy on account of sustained increase in peoples income. With the emerging domestic and global price pressures, SBP tightened its monetary policy after a prolonged gap of a few years. The efforts to rein-in inflation, however, proved less effective due to a rebound in international commodity prices and a rise in domestic food bearing fruits in terms of a more market based money and foreign exchange markets. Entering the 21st century, the loose monetary policy stance in the face of low inflation, low growth and low twin deficits, along with structural measures to open up the economy and alleviate some first round constraints, triggered the economy on a long term growth trajectory of above 7 percent. Realizing the complications of monetary management and adverse global and domestic economic developments, the implementation of SBP monetary policy during FY06 varied significantly from the preceding fiscal years. In addition to the rise in the policy rate, the central bank focused on the short-end of the yield curve, draining excess liquidity from the inter-bank money market and pushing up short-tenor rates. Consequently, not only did the overnight rates remain close to the discount rate through most of the year, the volatility in these rates also declined. These tight monetary conditions along with the Governments administrative measures to control food inflation helped in scaling down average inflation from 9.3 percent in FY05 to 7.9 percent in FY06, within the 8.0 percent annual target. For FY07, the government set an inflation target of 6.5 percent. To achieve this, a further moderation in aggregate demand during FY07 was required as the core inflation witnessed a relatively smaller decline in FY06, indicating that demand-side inflationary pressures were strong. In this perspective, SBP further tightened its monetary policy in July 2006 raising the CRR and SLR for the scheduled banks; and its policy rate by 50 basis points (bps) to 9.5 percent. Moreover, proactive liquidity management helped in transmitting the monetary tightening signals to key interest rates in the economy. For instance, the Karachi Inter Bank Offer Rate (KIBOR) of 6 month tenor increased from 9.6 percent in June 2006 to 10.02 percent at end-June 2007 and the banks weighted average lending and deposits rates (on outstanding amount) increased by 0.93 percentage points and 1.1 percentage points, respectively, during FY07. In retrospect, it appears evident that monetary tightening in FY07 did not put any adverse impact on economic growth, as not only was the real GDP growth target of 7.0 percent for FY07 was met; the growth was quite broad based. At the same time, the impact of the monetary tightening was most evident in the continued deceleration in core inflation during FY07. One measure of core inflation, the non-food non-energy CPI, continued its downtrend from YoY high of 7.8 percent in October 2005, to 6.3 percent at end-FY06, and to 5.1 percent by the end of FY07. However, much of the gains from the tight monetary policy on overall CPI inflation were offset by the unexpected rise in food inflation. On the downside, however, broad money supply (M2) grew by 19.3 percent during FY07, exceeding the annual target by 5.8 percentage points. Slippages in money supply growth largely stemmed from an expansion in NFA due to the higher than expected foreign exchange inflows. The pressure from the fiscal account was due to mismatch in its external budgetary inflows and expenditures. With the privatization inflows and the receipts from a sovereign debt offering at end-FY07, the Government managed to end the year with retirement of central bank borrowings, on the margin. By end-FY07, SBP holdings of government papers were still around Rs 452 billion, despite a net retirement of Rs 56.0 billion during the year. Another major aberration in FY07 emanated from the high level of SBP refinancing extended, for both working capital and long-term investment, to exporters. Aside from monetary management complexities, these schemes have been distorting the incentive structure in the economy. FY08 was an exceptionally difficult year. The domestic macroeconomic and political vulnerabilities coupled with a very challenging global environment caused slippages in macroeconomic targets by a wide margin. After a relatively long period of macroeconomic stability and prosperity, the global economy faced multifarious challenges: (i) hit by the sub prime mortgage crisis in U.S in 2007, the international financial markets had been in turmoil, the impact of which was felt across markets and continents; (ii) rising global commodity prices, with crude oil and food staples prices skyrocketing; and (iii) a gradual slide in the U.S dollar against major currencies. Combination of these events induced a degree of recessionary tendencies and inflationary pressures across developed and developing countries. Policy-makers were gripped with the dual challenge of slowdown in growth and unprecedented rising inflationary pressures. The external current account deficit and fiscal deficit widened considerably to unsustainable level (8.4 and 7.4 percent of GDP). The subsidy payments worth Rs 407 billion by Government, which account for almost half of the fiscal deficit, shielded domestic consumers from high international POL and commodity prices and distorted the natural demand adjustment mechanism. While the government passed on price increase to consumers, the rising international oil and other importable prices continued to take a toll on the economy. Rising demand has cost the country dearly in terms of foreign exchange spent on importing large volumes of these commodities. Rising fiscal deficit and lower than required financing flows resulted in exceptional recourse of the Government to the highly inflationary central bank borrowing for financing deficit. At the same time the surge in imports persisted. As a result, inflation accelerated and its expectations strengthened due to pass through of international oil prices to the domestic market, increases in the electricity tariff and the general sales tax, and rising exchange rate depreciation. These developments resulted in a further rise in headline as well as core inflation (20 percent weighted trimmed measure) to 25 percent and 21.7 percent respectively in October 2008. Considering the size of macroeconomic imbalances and the emerging inflationary pressures, SBP remained committed to achieve price stability over the medium term and thus had to launch steeper monetary tightening to tame the demand pressures and restore macroeconomic stability in FY09. SBP thus increased the policy rate from 13.5 to 15 percent. Literature Review If inflation is considered as a monetary phenomenon then it is the responsibility of the central bank and the fiscal authorities to achieve price stability. If inflation is caused primarily by food price increases, it would appear that the Ministry of Agriculture should play a key role in containing inflation. Analysis of Money, Inflation and growth in Pakistan (Abdul Qayyum) shows that excess money supply growth has been an important contributor to the rise in inflation in Pakistan during the study period, the study used Correlation analysis with the Country of study being Pakistan. In my research I will try to find the correlation between the monetary assets and inflation, and determine whether the policy makers have been successful to use monetary assets as a measure to predict interest rates. Economic Growth, Inflation, and Monetary Policy in Pakistan: Preliminary Empirical Estimates AHMED M. KHALID*states the State Bank of Pakistanis also under pressure to discuss and design a policy that could provide a stable and sustainable economic growth as well as address the necessary conditions to be part of the global economy. Is Inflation in Pakistan a Monetary Phenomenon (M. ALI KEMAL) finds that an increase in money supply over the long-run results in higher rate of inflation and thus provides support for the quantity theory of money. It establishes that inflation is essentially a monetary phenomenon. However, the money supply does not instantly influence the price levels; the impact of money supply on inflation has a considerable lag of about 9 months. While the study shows that the money supply works through the system in less than a year, it also points out that the system takes rather long to converge to equilibrium if shocks appear in any of the three variables, viz., GDP, money supply, and prices. Primary objective of this research is to check the long-run relationship and short-run dynamics between the money and inflation. In the long run money supply impacts the inflation rates. QTM holds in the long Run, which implies that inflation is a monetary phenomenon. In the short run, the impact of money on inflation is not instant; it affects inflation with lags of about 3 quarters. In the long-run the relationship between money supply and price is very strong and their correlation is almost one. Lucas (1995) emphasized the long-term relationship between money and prices in his Nobel Prize lecture by mentioning McCandless and Weber (1995). Certainly in the long run, inflation is considered to be-as Friedman (1963) stated-always and everywhere a monetary phenomenon. However, other authors have pointed to supply-side developments in explaining inflation. This structuralist school of thought holds that supply constraints that drive up prices of specific goods can have wider repercussions on the overall price level. In Pakistan, increases in the wheat support price have been blamed for inflation. As such, the question money or wheat is not merely academic, but has profound implications for economic policy. If inflation is a monetary phenomenon, it is the responsibility of the central bank and the fiscal authorities to achieve price stability. If inflation is caused primarily by wheat support price increases, it would appear that the Ministry of Agriculture should play a key role in containing inflation. In this paper, I would study the relationship between inflation and monetary expansion, to prove that it is not entirely a monetary phenomenon but it is affected by other factors as well. Data Sources and limitations The data covers the period 1950-2005 on a yearly basis. The choice of sample enables us to study the long run relationship between money supply and inflation and short run effects. The period covers the whole monetary policy stance under different rules, and then we also analyze it in periods of different economic growth. We use annual data from 1949-50 to 2004-2005 to investigate the relations between money and prices in Pakistan. The principal data source is 50 Years of Pakistan in Statistics; prepared by the Federal Bureau of Statistics. The other data sources include the regular issues of Economic Survey by Finance Division and Monthly Bulletin by State Bank. Before proceeding further, i would like to point out that the analysis is based on fifty years of Pakistan during which the country has undergone a series of economic and political changes. In particular, there have been significant improvements in the monetary sector as well as its impact on economy in the 1990s. Methodology The tests used will be Correlation Regression Graphical Analysis Model The model used would analyze the inflation against two variables of money supply monetary expansion and monetary assets. Money supply is considered as independent variable. Inflation is considered as dependent variable. Empirical Results Correlation test The correlation between monetary assets and inflation during entire 50 year periods has been as such For a perfect correlation the correlation coefficient should have been + 1 but in this case the correlation coefficient is coming out to be 0.034 which is very near to 0 which shows that the monetary policy is not being effective in predicting the rates of inflation. In the long run money supply is able to determine inflation but in short term it is determined much by the other factors of economy. The linear relationship between monetary assets and inflation is not that strong. There is small correlation which means in the long run it is effective but not in the short run. For effective monetary policy the correlation between money supply and inflation should be one but here the correlation is much less and is nearer to O. Regression Test between monetary assets and inflation This table displays R, R squared, adjusted R squared, and the standard error. R is the correlation between the observed and predicted values of the dependent variable. The values of R range from -1 to 1. The sign of R indicates the direction of the relationship (positive or negative). The absolute value of R indicates the strength, with larger absolute values indicating stronger relationships. R squared is the proportion of variation in the dependent variable explained by the regression model. The values of R squared range from 0 to 1. Small values indicate that the model does not fit the data well. Here the model doesnt fit the data well the R square is very small. The larger the F The larger the F (the smaller the p-value) the more of ys variation the line explained so the less likely H0 is true. We reject when the p-value The F statistic is the regression mean square (MSR) divided by the residual mean square (MSE). If the significance value of the F statistic is small (smaller than say 0.05) then the independent variables do a good job explaining the variation in the dependent variable. If the significance value of F is larger than 0.05 then the independent variables do not explain the variation in the dependent variable. Here the F value is greater that 0.05 which means it is not explaining the dependent variable. Inflation= 6.504 + 0.00* monetary assets The beta coefficient tells how strongly independent variable is related with dependent variable. R2 is a statistic that will give some information about the goodness of fit of a model. In regression, the R2 coefficient of determination is a statistical measure of how well the regression line approximates the real data points. An R2 of 1.0 indicates that the regression line perfectly fits the data. The variation explained by monetary assets in inflation is not much which tells us that the policy has not been that effective. The correlation between the monetary assets and the inflation has not been much significant. Monetary expansion and inflation has significant relationship and at times one determine the other this means that we have to accept hypothesis that it is a monetary phenomenon but add that it is affected by other factors as well like oil and food prices. Why Inflation is alarming and needs to be controlled High and persistent inflation is a regressive tax adversely impacting the poor and economic prospects. The poor hold few real assets or equity, and their savings are typically in the form of cash or low-interest bearing deposits; this group is most vulnerable to inflation as it erodes savings. Moreover, high and volatile inflation has been found to be detrimental to growth and financial sector development. High inflation obscures the role of relative price changes thus inhibiting optimal resource allocation. Inflation hurts growth once it exceeds a certain threshold. A number of empirical studies have established that the relationship between inflation and growth is nonlinear. At low levels of inflation, inflation has either no impact or a positive impact on growth. However, once inflation exceeds a certain threshold, it has an adverse impact on long-run growth. High inflation also inhibits financial development. Financial market institutions are intermediaries that reduce frictions between savers and investors (including adverse selection, moral hazard, or conflicting time preferences). Inflation makes this intermediation more costly because inflation tax lowers long-run real returns. As a result, credit is rationed and financial depth is reduced. As in the case of growth, there appears to be a threshold beyond which inflation adversely affects financial sector developments, while there are no negative effects at low levels of inflation. The adverse effect of inflation on financial development is one mechanism by which inflation can hurt growth. For example, Loayza and Ranciere (2005) find a positive long-run relationship between financial development and growth in a sample of 75 countries. In Pakistan, periods of low inflation are associated with high growth rates and vice versa. Between 1978 and 1991, inflation was 8 percent on average and real per capita growth averaged 3 percent. Between 1992 and 1997, inflation increased on average to 11 percent, while real per capita growth fell substantially and averaged only 1 percent. Finally, between 1998, inflation was reduced again to an average of 5 percent, and real per capita growth displayed a dramatic recovery. Of course, there are other factors that determine growth in the short-run and in the long-run [e.g. van Rooden (2005)]. Nonetheless, Pakistans growth performance has been best when inflation was contained to 8 percent or lower. Conclusion Hypothesis 1 Null Hypothesis: Monetary policy is effective in controlling inflation in Pakistan. Alternative Hypothesis: Monetary policy is not effective in controlling inflation in Pakistan. Result: Reject Null Hypothesis and Accept Alternate Hypothesis. Hypothesis 2 Null Hypothesis: Inflation is a monetary phenomenon. Alternate Hypothesis: Inflation is not a monetary phenomenon. Result: We accept our hypothesis but add here that inflation in Pakistan is not entirely a monetary phenomenon, it is a monetary phenomenon in long run, but in short run it is affected by other factors as well like food and oil prices. The rejection of first hypothesis shows that there need to be steps taken by policy makers to combat the inflation rates. The empirical results presented in this paper show that monetary factors determine inflation in Pakistan. Broad money growth and private sector credit growth are the key variables that explain inflation developments with a lag of around 12 months. A long-run relationship exists between the CPI and private sector credit. The food price affects inflation in the short run, but not in the long run. Recommendations The following areas need attention and are key for effective monetary management. Effectiveness of monetary and fiscal coordination would be helpful. For effective analysis of developments and policy making, timely and quality information is extremely important. Information is not available with desired frequency and timeliness. Also there are concerns over the quality of data. Unlike many developed and developing countries, data on quarterly GDP, employment and wages, etc. is not available in case of Pakistan. Moreover, the data on key macroeconomic variables is usually available with substantial lags. This constrains an in-depth analysis of the current economic situation and evolving trends, and hinders the ability of the SBP to develop a forward-looking policy stance. Unlike many countries, both developed and developing, there is no prescribed limit on government borrowing from SBP. Borrowing from the central bank injects liquidity in the system through increased currency in circulation and deposits of the government with the banks. In both cases, the impact of tight monetary stance is diluted as this automatic creation of money increases money supply without any prior notice. Improve the effectiveness of monetary policy is to prohibit the practice of government borrowings from the SBP. Another issue is to make a clear distinction between exchange rate management and monetary management. It is impossible to pursue an independent monetary and exchange rate policy as well as allowing capital to move freely across the border. Since the SBP endeavors to achieve price stability through achieving monetary targets by changes in the policy rate, it is not possible to maintain exchange rates at some level with free capital mobility. This can only be achieved by putting complete restrictions on capital movements, which is not possible. SBPs responsibility is to ensure an environment where foreign exchange flows are driven by economic fundamental and are not mis-guided by rent seeking speculation. In conclusion, it is imperative that above steps be taken urgently. Over the period, however, this needs to be complemented with much deeper structural reforms to synchronize and reform the medium term planning for the budget and monetary policy formulation process. Several studies and technical assistance have provided extensive guidance in this area, but the lack of capacities and short term compulsions have often withheld such reforms. What is important is to recognize that a medium term development strategy, independently worked out, would help minimize one agency interest which has often been a source of coordination difficulties. It would also help the budget making process more rule based than the incrementally driven process to satisfy conflicting demands.

Barn Burning Essay -- essays papers

Barn Burning Throughout the story â€Å"Barn Burning†, author William Faulkner conveys the moral growth and development of a young boy, as he must make a critical decision between either choosing his family and their teachings or his own morals and values. The reader should realize that the story â€Å"Barn Burning† was written in the 1930’s, a time of economic, social, and cultural turmoil. Faulkner carries these themes of despair into the story of the Snopes family. Faulkner opens the story, â€Å"Barn Burning† in a southern courthouse room of the during the Civil War reconstruction era, also a time of social, cultural, and economic instability. At this point in the story the main characters, Abner (Ab) and his son, Colonel Sartoris Snopes (Sarty) are introduced. Ab is on trial for the malicious burning of a barn that was owned by a wealthy local farmer. For Sarty’s entire life he and his family had been living in poverty. His father, who had always been jealous of â€Å"the good life†, takes his frustrations out against the post-Civil war aristocracy by burning the barns of wealthy farmers. As most fathers do, Ab makes the attempt to pass his traits and beliefs on to his son, whom does not necessarily agree nor fully understand his father’s standpoint. The following passage is an example of how Sarty is taught that both legal justice and wealth is the enemy of his family: He could not see the table where the Justice sat and before which his father and his father’s enemy (our enemy he thought in that despair; ourn! Mine and hisn both! He’s my father!) stood, but he could not hear them, the two of them that is, because his father had said no word yet. After the Justice had declared that there was not a substantial amo... ...cept the end of man†¦ I believe that man will not merely endure: he will prevail. He is immortal, not because he alone among creatures has an inexhaustible voice, but because he has a soul, a spirit capable of compassion and sacrifice and endurance.† I believe that Faulkner displayed this belief throughout this story. He shows that Sarty is a â€Å"soul† that is compassionate when he mourns his father in the last few paragraphs of the story. He exemplifies sacrifice when Sarty must sacrifice the safety and lives of his family members for his own morals. Finally, Faulkner conveys endurance when the child comes to the realization that he may not return to the surviving members of his family, and that he must continue to live on his own. Bibliography: Works Cited Meyer, M., Ed., (1999). The Bedford Introduction to Literature, 5th Ed. Boston: Bedford/St. Martin.

Nonverbal Communication Essay

Among the many different ways that we as human beings communicate with one another, nonverbal communication is one of the most common yet most unnoticed form of communication. Also described as body language, nonverbal communication can be the slightest facial expression or just the certain position of your body in a conversation. Without even realizing it, your body language can show feelings of happiness, awkwardness, nervousness and much more. Furthermore, the study of the movement, facial expressions and posture is called kinesics. Having the skill to understand kinesics is a fundamental tool in all aspects of life. Being able to read other’s body language can help you in a number of situations. By learning more about kinetics, you can open your eyes to a whole new way of reading others as well as presenting yourself appropriately for a given situation. In order to utilize any nonverbal communication skills effectively, you must first be familiar with what it exactly means as well as to recognize what each motion or signal symbolizes. These signals could be anything from the twitch of a nose, to a gaze of the eyes or just the fiddling of hair. To be completely knowledgeable about studying one’s actions, you must learn the deeper meaning behind each gesture. That’s not to say, however, that each signal means the same for everyone in every situation. Noticing that your spouse is not making eye contact with you does not necessarily signify that she or she is telling a lie, although that may be a possibility. Generalizations such as avoiding eye contact or fidgeting to indicate that a person is lying are simply what many studies have shown to be more than likely true in a number of cases. There is much debate as to whether or not non-verbal communication skills should be taught as an aid for medical uses. Of course those in professions such as the psychiatric field, gain a trained eye to notice certain feelings of their patients, but there is question about if the skill is even a teachable subject. A reason being because there doesn’t seem to be any real answer or strict guideline to every action or expression, especially when it comes to discussing the differences between cultures. Yourself and certain gestures that you make can be considered as strange or even insulting. Take eye contact for example. Most people who have grown up in not only the United States, but most Western cultures, use eye contact in a positive way. When making eye contact with someone who you are speaking with, it shows that you are listening and paying close attention to what they are saying. Also, it shows a sense of respect, where the elder in a situation prefers the child to be looking them in the eye while being scolded, showing that they are understanding and paying attention to a lecture. On the other hand, there are negative connotations regarding eye contact when it is being avoided. Usually when someone is not looking you in the eye while speaking to you, it gives a sense that the person is not being truthful. This scenario takes a whole three-hundred-sixty degree change in the minds of other cultures. For example, some Caribbean cultures find eye contact to be offensive. They believe that when a child is being scolded, they should not make eye contact. It is a sign of disrespect, as the child is expected to lower their eyes and show complete remorse. Aside from eye contact, there is a whole spectrum of differences in common gestures between cultures. In many cases, Americans especially fail to understand that the world is very different from the United States. In America, the â€Å"Rock On† symbol is made by closing a fist while leaving only the index and pinky finger extended. Commonly used when listening to music or maybe simply during an exciting situation. On the other hand, traveling to Italy and preforming this hand gesture is not only insulting, but is considered an offense. In Italy, it is a sign that when given by a man to another man symbolizes that â€Å"other men are in relations with his wife†, which is obviously a huge sign of disrespect as well as a personal insult. There are many ways in which cultures differ when it comes to body language, but there are a few universal expressions that are the same across the board. British scientist, Charles Darwin, was the first to recognize the six basic facial expressions as being the same all over the world. They are happiness, sadness, fear, disgust, surprise, and anger. Darwin first made these claims in his book titled The Expressions of the Emotions in Man and Animals. Darwin’s idea about the six facial gestures was later put together  in a study in the 1960’s by Paul Ekman. Ekman was a psychiatrist expert in facial expressions and decided to test the validity of Darwin’s theory. He found that all men, even those from isolated tribes, were able to recognize all six expressions for what they were, proving Darwin correct. http://westsidetoastmasters.com/resources/book_of_body_language/chap5.html http://www.businessballs.com/body-language.htm#body-language-different-cultures http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/historic_figures/darwin_charles.shtml Not only is it important to understand what messages you body language sends while you are in other cultures, but it may be even more important to learn how to carry and present yourself in the workplace. Knowing what sends off confident and powerful signals to your boss or employees can be a key factor in your performance and enables others to take you seriously. It could even be what makes or breaks you being accepted for a position you are applying for. As everyone knows, first impressions are incredibly strong and lasting. Before an interview is begun, there is almost always a handshake with the interviewer. Even before that, theres the moment that you are walking up to that person and your strut and presence or lack of fidgeting approaching the handshake sends signals before you can even present your credentials. They will note if you carry yourself confidently and especially if your handshake is firm or limp. When asked what percentage of communication comes from actual words and speaking, most would think it’s a high percentage. In actuality, only a surprising 7% of communication is derived from words. That leaves 38% to vocal details such as the tone, speed, or volume while speaking. So interestingly enough, 55% of communication is the reading and sending of body language signals. Now the signals that you send may give away what your feeling, or they could be a complete misrepresentation. This is why it is in your best interest to make note of how others are seeing you, so you can make any necessary changes to your behavior. This is obviously easier said  than done, especially if you are among those who have always been the nervous type and tend to perspire or fidget. Fortunately, knowing what your faults are and having the knowledge to correct them can result in making a complete change and eventually landing that promotion that you have sought after for so long. First, understanding the importance of eye contact in crucial. One step of effectively making this connection with an audience is knowing the material you are presenting. If you are constantly referring back to your powerpoint or notes, your obviously not making eye contact which in turn creates a distance that is imperative to avoid. Another tactic is to rid of all objects that could count as a barrier. Standing behind a podium or folder or even crossing your arms will create the distance between you and your audience, and may ultimately end up with a performance that was not your best. Along with making eye contact, it is a good idea to appear animated. Using hand gestures or maybe even moving about the room will create interest which in turn leaves a great impression on the audience.